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Main factors affecting the efficiency2019-11-20下載文件：暫時沒有下載文件
Preface In recent years, pork consumption mode will complete the transformation from quantity expansion to quality and safety consumption. As a result, the scale of China's pig industry has risen sharply. Small-scale rural courtyard pig farming has been withdrawn at the rate of 4-6% every year. At present, the proportion of large-scale pig farms has accounted for about 60% of the country (pig international, 2014.3-4), and the proportion of more than 10000 pig farms per year has accounted for more than 10%. According to other statistics, in 2013, 715.57 million live pigs were put on the market in China, and an estimated 40-50 million basic sows were put on the market. According to this calculation, 14-17 pigs / sow / year were provided for each sows in China, which is far lower than the psy value of developed countries: 24-30, which is the main factor affecting the efficiency of pig farms. Another secondary cause is the quality of commercial pigs, including body size and lean meat rate, and other appearance characteristics such as head and gill size, muscle strength and whether there are double muscles and buttocks. Foot and limb disease is the main cause of accidental culling of sows (Jorgensen, 2000)). Vitfoss (2009) estimates that each sow will lose 100 euros of income after the occurrence of foot and limb disease. According to the large categories, there are two kinds of foot splitting disease and cartilage disease. The former is easy to be observed on the spot, while the latter is mostly recessive or imperceptible, usually called "foot splitting" and "leg disease". Artificial insemination is widely used to cover up some foot-and-limb diseases of sows; the decrease of feed intake of sows reduces the number and quality of piglets, the decrease of utilization rate of excellent boars, and the elimination of high-yield sows in the early second birth. Although the current pig price tends to be low, China's pig industry still has a golden period of investment and production for 10-15 years, but this is only for competitive pig enterprises! This paper will analyze the effect of foot and limb disease on the benefit of pig farm from many aspects, and put forward the feasible scheme of nutritional prevention of foot and limb disease. *OgilvyOMIXJTBR& D team，[email protected]Writing ? 一、?Main factors affecting the benefits of pig farms 1、?PSY PSYIt has become a consensus in the pig industry to affect the efficiency of the pig farm. It is reported that ChinaSmall and medium scalePig farm averagePSY為15-16The high level of large pig farms20-22In Europe, America and other developed countries such as the United States24.9Head, France28Head. Europe and the United States are only profitable10Euro/In recent years, the average profit per head in China is250-350Yuan. As shown in table1It shows that the price of pigs is better, i.e8More than RMB，PSYby18Pig farm，1000Sow farms will be profitable400Ten thousand yuan100Yuan time，PSYby16The first pig farm has faced losses; when profits fall to50Time，PSYby18-19Head's pig farm is in deficit（Refer to Wynn's public information）。 ? ? Table 1 psy and benefits and marginal benefits of pig farm
? It is reported that the average number of Psy in Wynn group has reached 22-23, which has brought good benefits by adopting the new method of pig breeding and optimizing the hybrid matching and nutrition formula. The annual renewal rate of commercial pig farms is generally 30-40%, with an average of 33%, which is one third of the basic sows. Psy depends on the high-yield performance of 3-6 sows in the pig farm (this is crucial); the lifetime of high-yield of first born sows is equivalent to one more litter of piglets, however, high-yield first or reserve sows often suffer from the elimination of foot and limb disease due to their own development and inadequate adaptation to fetal growth and domestication, resulting in a large area loss of high-yield genes in a pig farm, which ultimately affects the level of Psy. As shown in Table 2, when the incidence of foot and limb disease is 18%, Psy is only 14-15, and the loss per sow in European and American pig farms is nearly $100. After using artificial insemination technology, the detection of foot-and-limb disease was covered up on the characterization; pigs were not comfortable, so the feed intake of sows in delivery room could not go up (Johnson, 1997). On average, 5-6kg per day was good, far away from the ideal 8-10kg. This is far from enough for high-yielding sows, especially for high-yielding first born sows (Kirkwood et al., 1987). Foot and limb disease also affects the development of joints, muscles and bones. This kind of stress on sows affects the performance of reproductive performance. That is to say, sows that appear to be normal are also more low-yielding, such as resulting in longer mismatch interval, non productive days, less litter size and birth weight, and piglets' viability is also reduced.? ? ? ? ? surface2?PSYRelationship between height and incidence of foot and limb disease
? The potential loss of eliminating a sow is very large. Based on the calculation of 3.5% over the normal level, 35 sows are eliminated in the average 2-gestational period of 1000 sows. Because 4 sows can be produced, the annual loss is 35 * 18 * 2 * 240 = 302400 yuan based on the profit of 240 yuan for each piglet, and 8640 yuan (30.24 / 35) is lost for each sows, especially 1 and 2-gestational sows! However, the owners of pig farms often calculate the cost of purchasing pigs as 1800 - selling out sows as 1200 = 600 yuan (?) Instead, I feel no loss. 2. Pig food ratio (CPR) CPR (cost production ratio) is a sensitive indicator for every pig farmer, but it is only known as the price of pigs: around 6 yuan became the target of public criticism at the beginning of 2014. However, the marginal effects caused by feed unit price variation, feed to meat ratio, feed cost of Jin pigs, quality and quality of meat and large weight of pigs on the market are often ignored, or considered too complex, difficult to manage and understand, and abandoned. Who knows? In recent years, the cost per kilogram of pigs is 6.1-6.8 yuan, or even higher. Foreign scholars estimate that the incidence of foot and limb disease is 28% in Pidu boar, 25-30% in Taiwan boar and 20% in America boar. According to the calculation of the average price of 8000 yuan / head and the ratio of male to female of 1:70, there are always three excellent boars in 1000 sows' farms who are unable to collect semen due to lameness due to foot and limb disease every year, and they are often excellent, muscular and highly selective, resulting in a significant decline in the quality of listed pigs, reducing the production profit and genetic marginal benefit. 3. Management + luck Many farms still rely on luck and a bull market. There are several recognized data about the effect of foot and limb disease on the efficiency of pig farms in the world. The incidence of foot and limb disease is more in the world, accounting for about 50% of the elimination rate of accidents of sows (pigchamp, 2010); 15-40% of high-yield sows can not be bred into the herd; the potential killer of large-scale pig farm efficiency - the structure of sow's gestational age (pig science, 2012, issue 6); in addition, the sequelae of foot and other five diseases Lameness is more likely to occur in breeding pigs, especially in breeding boars, which use the pig farm to produce pigs with unexpected interruption and high-intensity breeding. These data are more serious in the domestic investigation reports, because the better the sows, especially the muscle boars, are more likely to suffer from foot and limb diseases, which together reduce the high-yield performance of sows and the utilization rate of fine boars. The efficiency and marginal benefit of pig farms are greatly affected, so this is a management problem, not luck. Supply Ogilvy health hoof treasure (prevention and control of split hoof + paralysis of cartilage, etc., two channels together!) Detailed description of:? ? ? *Ogixjtb R & D team*
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